This paper compares two schemes of agrarian transformation that occurred during World War Two in Libya and northeast Brazil, undertaken by the Italian fascist regime and US private and governmental officials respectively. Although... more
This paper compares two schemes of agrarian transformation that occurred during World War Two in Libya and northeast Brazil, undertaken by the Italian fascist regime and US private and governmental officials respectively. Although developing different historical trajectories, these similar efforts aiming to convert desert and semi-arid areas into productive fields intertwined with military services and reflected colonial and post-colonial appropriations in the Global South. The article demonstrates how both Libya and Brazil represented militarised environments and contested spaces well beyond the WW2 timeframe and how the colonial expansion projects that preceded and resulted from WW2 combined military campaigns and mastery over nature. Our analysis builds upon Italian and US primary sources and scholarly publications in environmental history.
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Questo articolo analizza lo sviluppo della questione territoriale nella storia d’Italia prestando particolare attenzione alle aree in rilievo e al loro rapporto con la pianura. Il saggio ripercorre le tappe del rapporto tra... more
Questo articolo analizza lo sviluppo della questione territoriale nella storia d’Italia prestando particolare attenzione alle aree in rilievo e al loro rapporto con la pianura. Il saggio ripercorre le tappe del rapporto tra modernizzazione e aree interne e mostra come queste ultime siano state il punto di partenza per una riflessione critica sullo sviluppo economico nazionale. La destrutturazione socio-economica della realtà montana degli anni Sessanta rappresenta uno spartiacque nella definizione e sviluppo delle zone interne. Fino a quel decennio si combinano due andamenti generali, il progressivo abbassamento altimetrico del degrado e il graduale spostamento da Nord a Sud dello stesso. Dagli anni Settanta, invece, prende le mosse da una consapevolezza diffusa degli acuti squilibri territoriali in atto e proprio negli ultimi anni registra dei segni tangibili di ripresa.
This article analyzes the rising and the evolution of the territorial issues in Italy from the unification, 1861, to nowadays. It focuses on uplands and, specifically, on their relationship with lowlands. The essay reconstructs the dialogue between marginal areas and modernization in Italy addressing the challenges posed to the economic science. This time period articulates in two phases. Through 1960s uplands have experienced a combination of two trends, the gradual enlargement of the deprived rural surface and the progressive geographical shift of degradation and depopulation towards South. Since early 1970s public and scientific understanding of the regional disproportions between mountainous and lowland areas started to question the previous assumptions and open up, possibly, a new positive phase. Keywords: Marginal areas; Mountains; History; Economic development; Regional disproportion.
This article analyzes the rising and the evolution of the territorial issues in Italy from the unification, 1861, to nowadays. It focuses on uplands and, specifically, on their relationship with lowlands. The essay reconstructs the dialogue between marginal areas and modernization in Italy addressing the challenges posed to the economic science. This time period articulates in two phases. Through 1960s uplands have experienced a combination of two trends, the gradual enlargement of the deprived rural surface and the progressive geographical shift of degradation and depopulation towards South. Since early 1970s public and scientific understanding of the regional disproportions between mountainous and lowland areas started to question the previous assumptions and open up, possibly, a new positive phase. Keywords: Marginal areas; Mountains; History; Economic development; Regional disproportion.
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L’articolo illustra la intricata ecologia forestale di un comune dell’Agro pontino, Terracina, dall’Unità all’inizio del Novecento ed evidenzia le difficoltà e le potenzialità che l’utilizzazione delle risorse forestali collettive poneva... more
L’articolo illustra la intricata ecologia forestale di un comune dell’Agro pontino, Terracina, dall’Unità all’inizio del Novecento ed evidenzia le difficoltà e le potenzialità che l’utilizzazione delle risorse forestali collettive poneva ai vari livelli amministrativi, in particolare a quello municipale. L’analisi delle selve viene filtrata attraverso la lente del conflitto, sociale e istituzionale, che permette di cogliere lo iato esistente in materia di usi civici tra indirizzi nazionali e amministrazioni locali, di problematizzare la definizione di marginalità delle terre e dei gruppi sociali che le utilizzavano, di riconoscere il progetto liberale nelle utilizzazioni della superficie boscata. Il caso di Terracina risulta interessante per la quantità di terreni che, nonostante le leggi abolitive, conserva questi diritti; il ritardo con cui compaiono fenomeni tipici quali la criminalizzazione degli utilisti, la distruzione del bosco e la bonifica dell’area paludosa; il vincolo per motivi igienici che la legge forestale riserva a tali selve. Il saggio contestualizza ed esamina il ruolo svolto dal patrimonio forestale attraverso fonti archivistiche amministrative - soprattutto prefettizie e sottoprefettizie -, la letteratura esistente su demanio civico e questione forestale nelle ex-province pontificie, la storiografia ambientale.
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INTRODUCTION Floods, water shortages, increasingly frequent and prolonged heatwaves, gated communities and immense slums -- those are the features of the cities in the age of climate change. But other things are also occurring in the... more
INTRODUCTION
Floods, water shortages, increasingly frequent and prolonged heatwaves, gated communities and immense slums -- those are the features of the cities in the age of climate change. But other things are also occurring in the cities such as measures for the reduction of private traffic, the blooming of urban gardens, and the multiplication of grassroots environmentalist organizations. These are some of the ways in which climate change materializes in the urban context.
Thanks to the Occupy Climate Change project! (OCC!), funded by the Swedish agency FORMAS, a team of researchers is analyzing how associations, activists, and municipal governments are tackling climate change challenges from the bottom-up.
To understand how younger generations experience present climate change and imagine the future, OCC! launches an imaginative exploration of our cities in 200 years. How will our cities be in the year 2200? It may be a dystopian reality, a paradise or a hyper-technological hell, or maybe it will be dominated by the return of wild nature or a completely new ecosystem with living beings that we do not know yet...
Our call for imaginative urban explorations is open to all people, and especially to high school and university students. We invite to imagine how either one’s own city or one of the five cities studied in the OCC! project (New York, Rio de Janeiro, Istanbul, Malmo, and Naples) will be in the year 2200.
Our project aims to create an atlas of future cities – Cities of Other Worlds –, which will offer an inventory of the urban fears, hopes, anxieties, and fantasies of young generations.
To participate, please send us:
(1) a short story (min. 1500 - max 5000 words), imagining either your city or one of the cities of the OCC! project (New York, Rio, Istanbul, Malmo, Naples) in the year 2200.
(2) a signed OCC! consent to publish form (it appears at the end of this booklet). You authorize us publish the short story in the OCC!’s Atlas of the Other Worlds (an online, open-access platform). Such a form includes a declaration attesting that the story is the result of the author’s ingenuity and that it is unpublished.
All the materials must be sent by email to the following address
ehlab@abe.kth.se no later than December 30, 2020.
Floods, water shortages, increasingly frequent and prolonged heatwaves, gated communities and immense slums -- those are the features of the cities in the age of climate change. But other things are also occurring in the cities such as measures for the reduction of private traffic, the blooming of urban gardens, and the multiplication of grassroots environmentalist organizations. These are some of the ways in which climate change materializes in the urban context.
Thanks to the Occupy Climate Change project! (OCC!), funded by the Swedish agency FORMAS, a team of researchers is analyzing how associations, activists, and municipal governments are tackling climate change challenges from the bottom-up.
To understand how younger generations experience present climate change and imagine the future, OCC! launches an imaginative exploration of our cities in 200 years. How will our cities be in the year 2200? It may be a dystopian reality, a paradise or a hyper-technological hell, or maybe it will be dominated by the return of wild nature or a completely new ecosystem with living beings that we do not know yet...
Our call for imaginative urban explorations is open to all people, and especially to high school and university students. We invite to imagine how either one’s own city or one of the five cities studied in the OCC! project (New York, Rio de Janeiro, Istanbul, Malmo, and Naples) will be in the year 2200.
Our project aims to create an atlas of future cities – Cities of Other Worlds –, which will offer an inventory of the urban fears, hopes, anxieties, and fantasies of young generations.
To participate, please send us:
(1) a short story (min. 1500 - max 5000 words), imagining either your city or one of the cities of the OCC! project (New York, Rio, Istanbul, Malmo, Naples) in the year 2200.
(2) a signed OCC! consent to publish form (it appears at the end of this booklet). You authorize us publish the short story in the OCC!’s Atlas of the Other Worlds (an online, open-access platform). Such a form includes a declaration attesting that the story is the result of the author’s ingenuity and that it is unpublished.
All the materials must be sent by email to the following address
ehlab@abe.kth.se no later than December 30, 2020.
Research Interests:
INDICE DEL VOLUME: Introduzione. - PARTE PRIMA: LE QUESTIONI. - I. Il pensiero del passato e l’idea di moderno. - II. Misurare il tempo. - III. Rivoluzioni ecologiche lunghe tre secoli. - IV. Cartografare lo spazio. - V. Reti globali e... more
INDICE DEL VOLUME: Introduzione. - PARTE PRIMA: LE QUESTIONI. - I. Il pensiero del passato e l’idea di moderno. - II. Misurare il tempo. - III. Rivoluzioni ecologiche lunghe tre secoli. - IV. Cartografare lo spazio. - V. Reti globali e merci. - VI. Lavoro, schiavitù, migrazioni. - VII. Grande divergenza, capitalismo, industrializzazione. - VIII. Stati, imperi, colonie. - IX. Le città. - X. Violenza e guerra. - XI. Le stratificazioni sociali. - XII. Matrimonio, famiglia, sessualità. - XIII. Culti e religione: contatti, conflitti, trasformazioni. - XIV. Emozioni tra individuo e collettività. - XV. Organizzazione e sapere scientifico. - XVI. La comunicazione: stampa, scrittura, oralità, immagini e suoni. - PARTE SECONDA: I LUOGHI E LE GRANDI CESURE. - XVII. 1368. Dopo la «pax mongolica»: l’Asia dei Ming e di Timur. - XVIII. 1434-1512. La fondazione dell’«Estado da India» e l’inizio del colonialismo. - XIX. 1453-1526. Istanbul, la Persia e Agra: gli imperi islamici. - XX. 1492. Da Granada ai Caraibi: la Spagna unita tra «conversos» e vecchi cristiani. - XXI. 1517. Wittenberg, Ginevra, Londra e Roma: la crisi religiosa in Europa. - XXII. 1519-1555. Da Gand ad Augusta: Carlo V e il potere asburgico. - XXIII. 1520-1683. Da Rodi a Vienna: la sfida ottomana. - XXIV. 1521-1534. Tenochtitlán e Cuzco: come finirono gli «imperi» del Nuovo Mondo. - XXV. 1527. Il sacco di Roma e le guerre d’Italia. - XXVI. 1533-1613. La Russia e l’Eurasia: Ivan il Terribile e il «periodo dei torbidi». - XXVII. 1559-1648. Da Parigi a Vestfalia: i conflitti di religione. - XXVIII. 1602. La VOC: i Paesi Bassi e l’imbarazzo della ricchezza. - XXIX. 1603-1644. Una dinastia di «shogun» per il Giappone, i Qing in Cina. - XXX. 1609. Espellere i «moriscos». - XXXI. 1649. Una repubblica puritana e le origini della potenza britannica. - XXXII. 1660. Lo Stato sono io: la Francia e l’Europa del tardo Seicento. - XXXIII. 1682-1796. Baltico, Mar Nero, Siberia: la Russia dei Romanov in guerra. - XXXIV. 1700-1738. L’Europa multipolare. - XXXV. 1740-1763. Guerre europee e guerre globali. - XXXVI. 1776-1833. Le Rivoluzioni Atlantiche. - XXXVII. 1789. Parigi insorge: la Rivoluzione Francese. - XXXVIII. 1804-1815. Il nuovo ordine in Europa. - Carte. - Cronologia. - Indici.